 | Craniotomy |
What is a craniotomy?
A craniotomy is a surgical procedure which involves the removal of a portion of a bone in the skull to access the brain. The neurosurgeon will use specialized surgical instruments to remove the portion of the skull bone, called a flap bone.
When is a craniotomy need?
A craniotomy is commonly recommended if you have bleeding on the surface of the brain, called a subarachnoid haemorrhage, abnormal cell growth in the brain (brain tumour), or a head injury. A craniotomy may also be recommended to treat conditions such as:
- Brain aneurysm
- Arteriovenous malformation
- Brain abscess
- Intracranial hematoma
- Trigeminal neuralgia
- Hydrocephalus
- Epilepsy
- Swelling of the brain called cerebral oedema.
A craniotomy may also be done as part of a biopsy procedure to take tissue samples or may be done to implant medical devices such as shunts, reservoirs and subdural electrodes. Left untreated, the above-mentioned brain conditions may cause further damage to the brain. Pressure on the brain forces the brain to push against the skull, which may cause damage to the brain and may temper with the brain’s ability to function properly. When your brain is unable to function properly, it may lead to severe brain damage or death.
What does a craniotomy entail?
During the procedure, you will be under general anaesthesia. Your hair on your scalp will be shaved off. Your head will be placed on a round or horseshoe-shaped headrest to give the neurosurgeon access to the brain. The neurosurgeon will then drill small holes on your scalp. He will use an instrument called a craniotome, to cut from one burr hole to the next, creating a removable bone flap.
The membrane that covers the brain will be cut open, and an operating microscope will be used to help guide him throughout the procedure. The brain injury or disease will be treated, and after the procedure, the incision on the brain's membrane is stitched closed. The bone flap will be secured in its place with the use of titanium plates and screws.
